// Native_templates.cpp : Defines the entry point for the console application.
/*
__________________________________________________

W O R K I N G   W I T H   T E M P L A T E S
Ron Kessler
Created 1/24/2017
__________________________________________________
Native Code Version

Run with CTL-F5

A template is analogous to a generic class or function. You can create a generic class
or function and use it for all types of data. This save us a lot of coding and a
lot of errors. See page 446 in Murach to see how to do the same thing in .Net and
managed code.

You set it up by declaring a new template and instead of putting in a return type
of int/double/whatever, we use a placeholder much like we do in setting up parameters
in our functions.

So here is a template class that will return a data type. There is a function called Add that
takes to values and returns the sum of those values. It can also take 2 strings and it will
concatenate those strings. So no matter what we pass to it, that is how it behaves.

The code:

template<class T>
	T Add(T firstValue, T secondValue)
	{
		return firstValue + secondValue;
	}

Look below to see it in action
*/

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <iostream>
#include <string>
#include <numeric>
#include <algorithm>

using namespace std;

//---our template class and the Add function inside of it. 

template<class T>
	T Add (T firstValue, T secondValue)
		{
			return firstValue + secondValue;
		}

	//Some people declare these on
		//	one or two lines:
		//		template<class T> 
		//			T Add (T firstValue, T secondValue)	{	return firstValue + secondValue;	}


int main()
{
	string eol = "\n\n";

	cout << "Working With Templates" << eol;

	//---use our template to add 2 numbers
	int x{ Add (4, 5) };		//substitute values here. Return is an int and we pass in 2 ints

	cout << "Your sum for two integers is : " << x << eol;

	double d{ Add (5.5, 6.5) };
	cout << "Your sum for two doubles is : " << d << eol;

	string fName = "Devon ";
	string lName = "Foster";

	string s{ Add (string{ fName }, string{ lName}) };
	cout << "Your full name is  : " << s << eol;


	return 0;
}